Elements of a State and Philippine Constitution Essay Essays

Elements of a State and Philippine Constitution Essay Essays Elements of a State and Philippine Constitution Essay Essay Elements of a State and Philippine Constitution Essay Essay State A community of individuals more or less legion. for good busying a definite part of district. independent of external control. and possessing an organized authorities to which the great organic structure of its dwellers render accustomed obeisance ( De Leon. 2000 ) . The Philippines is a province.Elementss of a State The first component of a province is the people. which is known to be the most indispensable and indispensable component of a province. This is the mass of the population. or the figure of people populating within the province. There is no specific figure of people required life within a province so that it could be called a province. The 2nd component is the district. which is the constituted country that justly belongs to the people of the province. This is the aerial ( air ) . tellurian ( land ) . fluvial ( stream/river ) . and maritime ( H2O ) domains of the province. The 3rd component is the authorities. which is the bureau to which the will of the province is expressed. created and administered. This is a group of people or establishments which run and rule the society. The 4th component is the sovereignty. which is known as the supreme power of the province to command and implement obeisance its will from the people. District Harmonizing to Article One. National Territory. of The 1987 Constitution of the Republic of the Philippines: â€Å"The national district comprises the Philippine archipelago. with all the islands and Waterss embraced therein. and all other districts over which the Philippines has sovereignty or legal power. consisting of its terrestrial. fluvial and aerial spheres. including its territorial sea. the ocean floor. the undersoil. the insular shelves. and other pigboat countries. The Waterss around. between. and linking the islands of the archipelago. regardless of their comprehensiveness and dimensions. organize portion of the internal Waterss of the Philippines. † This means that all the country that is encompassed by 185 kilometres ( 100 maritime stat mis ) from the Philippine shore. under the seabed even. is a district of the Philippines. This is sometimes besides known as the â€Å"Philippine Area of Responsibility† . a term used by PAG-ASA and other conditions bureaus to find for illustration. if a typhoon or a Low Pressure Area has entered our district. Fundamental law of the Philippines The fundamental law of the Philippines is the most of import portion of a province. The national district and all the cardinal laws- the set of regulations and principles- can be found here. The Constitution besides enunciates province rules and policies. Among the rules and policies embodied in the Fundamental law are: ( 1 ) Sovereignty of the people ; ( 2 ) Repudiation of war as an instrument of national policy ; ( 3 ) Domination of civilian authorization over the military ; ( 4 ) Service and protection of the people as the premier responsibility of the Government ; ( 5 ) Separation of Church and State ; ( 6 ) Guarantee of human rights ; ( 7 ) Separation of power among the assorted subdivisions of authoritiess ; and ( 8 ) Autonomy for local authorities units. One of the cardinal constituents of the Constitution is the Bill of Rights. which declares and enumerates the basic rights and autonomies of the people which the authorities ( or any individual ) is out to go against or infringe upon. Among the rights granted by the Fundamental law are: ( 1 ) Due procedure of jurisprudence and equal protection ; ( 2 ) Right against unreasonable hunt and ictus ; ( 3 ) Right of privateness ; ( 4 ) Freedom of address. of look. and of the imperativeness ; ( 5 ) Freedom of faith ; ( 6 ) Autonomy of residence and travel ; ( 7 ) Right to information on affairs of public concern ; ( 8 ) Right to organize associations for intents non contrary to jurisprudence ; ( 9 ) Right to a merely compensation when private belongings is taken for public usage ; ( 10 ) Right against damage of contract ; ( 11 ) Freedom of entree to the tribunals ; ( 12 ) Rights refering to individuals under probe ; ( 13 ) Right against inordinate bond ; ( 14 ) Rights of the accused in condemnable instances ; and ( 15 ) Right to speedy temperament of instances. It has been revised seven times. get downing from The 1899 Malolos Constitution. which was approved by so President Emilio Aguinaldo on December 23. 1898 and promulgated on January 21. 1899. and so the Philippine Organic Act of 1912 enacted into jurisprudence by the United States Congress on July 1. 1902. Next was The Jones Law of 1916. enacted into jurisprudence by the United States Congress on August29. 1916. followed by The 1935 Constitution. which was approved by the 1934 Constitutional Convention on February 8. 1935. certified by the President of the United States on March 25. 1935. and ratified by plebiscite on May 14. 1935. This was amended two times. on June 18 1940 and March 11. 1947. The 1943 Constitution. was approved by the Preparatory Committee on Philippine Independence on September 4. 1943 and ratified by the KALIBAPI convention on September 7. 1943. Following this is The 1973 Constitution. which was proclaimed in force by Proclamation by so President Ferdinand Marcos on January 17. 1973. This was amended three times. on October 16-17. 1976. January 30. 1980 and April 7. 1981. The present fundamental law. which is The 1987 Constitution. was foremost presented to so President Cory C. Aquino as The 1986 Freedom Constitution on October 15. 1986. This was approved by the Constitutional Commission on October 12. 1986. It was ratified by a plebiscite on February 2. 1987 and proclaimed in force by February 11. 1987. Mentions:Pacaway. J. ( 2014. July 4 ) . Filipino authorities with 1987 fundamental law. Retrieved from hypertext transfer protocol: //www. slideshare. net/anjanet2/philippine-government-with-1987-constitution Filipino Constitutions | Official Gazette of the Republic of the Philippines. ( n. d. ) . Retrieved from hypertext transfer protocol: //www. gov. ph/constitutions/ Salinas. S. ( 2013. December 16 ) . Concepts of province and authorities. Retrieved from hypertext transfer protocol: //www. slideshare. net/sarahsalinascatwoman/concepts-of-state-and-government-29249128 THE 1987 CONSTITUTION OF THE REPUBLIC OF THE PHILIPPINES – ARTICLE I | Official Gazette of the Republic of the Philippines. ( n. d. ) . Retrieved from hypertext transfer protocol: //www. gov. ph/constitutions/the-1987-constitution-of-the-republic-of-the-philippines/the-1987-constitution-of-the-republic-of-the-philippines-article-i/ The History and Evolution of the Philippine Constitution | Law | Jcmiras_03. ( 2014. August ) . Retrieved from hypertext transfer protocol: //www. pinoysites. org/jcm/item/12/ The Constitution of the Philippines: An Overview | Herald Digital Law Philippines. ( 2011. February 1 ) . Retrieved from hypertext transfer protocol: //philippineslaw. wordpress. com/2011/02/01/the-constitution-of-the-philippines-an-overview/

Steps to Effective Lesson Planning for Grades 7â€12

Steps to Effective Lesson Planning for Grades 7–12 Writing lesson plans ensures that you are addressing the requirements of the curriculum, effectively planning teaching time, and using the best strategies to address student needs.  Ã‚  Your school district may already have a template, or you can use a general lesson plan template as you work through creating your lesson plans. Before Writing the Plan Begin with the end in mind. Ask the following questions: What do you want the students to learn from this lesson?What state or national standards are you meeting?What does the curriculum from your state or your district require?What are the needs of your students in meeting the requirements of the curriculum? Once youve determined this, write a quick description and list out your objectives for the assignment. Ensure that you will provide extra support to students who do not have the skills to meet the objective. Keep a vocabulary list that uses academic vocabulary words  that you can access as you write out your lesson plan procedure. Additionally, decide content vocabulary students will need as well. This will help you remember terms that you need to make sure the students understand as they work through the lesson. Create a materials list and add to this as you write your procedure so that you know exactly what you will need including audiovisual equipment, the number of copies youll need, other required materials, and even the page numbers from books you plan to cover. Creating the Lesson Plan Determine if the lesson is new learning or a review. Decide how you will begin the lesson. For example, decide whether to use a simple oral explanation for the lesson or a pre-activity to determine what students know. Decide the method(s) you will use to teach the content of your lesson. For example, does it lend itself to independent reading, lecture, or whole group discussion? Will you target instruction for certain students by grouping? Sometimes it is best to use a combination of these methods, varying teaching techniques: beginning with a few minutes of lecture- such as five minutes- followed by an activity in which students apply what you taught or a short whole-group discussion to ensure that the students understand what you have taught them. Decide  how you will have the students practice the skill/information you just taught them. For example, if you have taught them about the use of a map in a particular country or town, envision how you will have them practice this information to truly gain an understanding of the material. You might have them complete independent practice, use a whole-group simulation, or allow students to work cooperatively on a project. The key is to get students to practice the information you have presented. Once you determine how students will practice the skills that you taught them, decide how you will know that they understood what was taught. This could be a simple show of hands or something more formal as a 3-2-1 exit slip. Sometimes a game activity can be an effective way to review, or if the technology is available, a kahoot! quiz. Review the draft lesson plan to determine any accommodations you need to make for your class including accommodations for English-language learners and special education students. Once you have completed your lesson plan, include  any details such as  homework assignments. Make any copies of handouts needed and gather materials for the lesson. Tips and Hints Always start with the final assessment, showing that students understand the material you have presented. Knowing the assessments will leave you  better able to focus the lesson on what is essential. Additionally: Refer regularly to curriculum documents and pacing guides.Try not to rely solely on your textbook for lessons, but do ensure that you evaluate any other source you might use like other books, other teachers, written resources, and internet web pages.Some school districts require standards to be listed on the lesson plans while others do not. Make sure that you check with your school district. Always overplan: It is much easier to cut things out of a plan or continue it the next day than fill 15 or 20 extra minutes. If possible, connect homework to real life. This will help reinforce what the students should be learning.

Rubrics In Evaluating Student Works Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Rubrics In Evaluating Student Works - Case Study Example The author citing (Nitko, 2001) (Moskal, 2000) said, " A holistic rubric requires the teacher to score the overall process or product as a whole, without judging the component parts separately. In contrast, with an analytic rubric, the teacher scores separate, individual parts of the product or performance first, then sums the individual scores to obtain a total score." Mertler, (2001) citing Chase (1999) suggested that holistic rubrics are customarily utilized when errors in some part of the process can be tolerated provided the overall quality is high. He cited Nitko (2001) further said that the use of holistic rubrics is probably more appropriate when performance tasks require students to create some sort of response and where there is no definitive correct answer Hence when talking of overall quality holistic is preferable aside from somewhat quicker scoring process than the use of analytic rubrics (Mertler, 2001, citing Nitko,(2001). This is basically due to the fact that the teacher is required to read through or otherwise examine the student product or performance only once, in order to get an "overall" sense of what the student was able to accomplish (Mertler, 2001). Mertler, 2001 citing Nitco ( 2001) prefers the use of analytic rubrics when fairly... it ( 2001) prefers the use of analytic rubrics when a fairly focused type of response is required, that is, for performing tasks in which there may be one or two acceptable responses and creativity is not an essential feature of the students' responses. He also suggested the use of the same in making an assessment on a multidimensional level. A rubric measures performance and measuring performance is just one of the functions of a teacher hence prior to design a specific rubric, a choice scoring holistically or analytically must be made.

Intellectual Property Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Intellectual Property - Assignment Example 2. Intellectual property may include inventions, creative efforts of individuals, original works by authors or trade secrets etc. that will provide future economic benefits to the business. How we protect intellectual property depends on the type of property we deal with and the industry we’re operating in. This usually involves obtaining patents, trademarks and copyrights for the intellectual property we own. The holder of a patent can protect his product by preventing other companies to use, or take advantage, in any way, of their invention up to certain future date depending on the type of invention. The key question that arises here is does the business own the inventions or does the creative work is the result of efforts of the individuals hired by the company? Similarly copyright offers the authors and creators the protection of their original intellectual work (such as literature, art, music, photographs, video recordings, software etc.). The copyright symbol informs ot hers that the author is intending to exercise control over the production and redistribution of the work. Likewise a â€Å"trademark† offers businesses the opportunity to sell their product to the consumers under their unique name. As such it avoids confusion and deceiving. In such employment agreements, the employer restricts the employee from quitting the company and joining another competitive firm or setting up his/her own competitive business. Such employment agreements are usually enforceable only if they apply restrictions within a specific area and for a definite future time period. In some states non-compete agreements are enforceable only if they are supported by the adequate consideration for the employee otherwise they are considered as agreements in restraint on trade and hence void. The advantage of non-competitive clause is obvious that it

Genetic Information Essay Example for Free

Genetic Information Essay The goal of this essay is to determine whether the information presented within it could be considered a violation or a non-violation of the GINA of 2008. A case study has been determined to be a method to learn about a complex instance. This information is based on understanding the detailed instance and analyzing the context as a whole. I will be briefly discussing this case study. The GINA legislation had unanimous support when it was signed into law by President Bush. This case study is broken down into many different stories that focus on GINA. The Act was voted into Congress in 2008 (Hudson, Holohan, Collins, 2014). Case studies also describes an analyses of persons, events, decisions, periods, projects, policies, institutions, or other systems that are studied. GINA is being described as promoting genetic research and preventive screening, safeguard medical privacy, and prevent unfair treatment of individuals based on traits that are linked to diseases (Hudson, Holohan, Collins, 2014). There was talk about the threat that arises from the Supreme Court’s federalism revolution of 1995-2001. Chief Justice Rehnquist took greater strides in placing a limit on the power of Congress. These rules affected the Tenth, Eleventh, and Fourteenth Amendments along with the Commerce Clause that would balance the power of the state and federal (Tobin, 2008). It is stated in the fact sheet that â€Å"GINA expands the genetic information protections included in the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA). HIPAA prevents a plan or issuer from imposing a preexisting condition exclusion provision based solely on genetic information, and prohibits discrimination in individual eligibility, benefits, or premiums based on any health factor (including genetic information)† (United States Department of Labor, 2009). Surveys was taken from 50 states that relied on the Bureau of Labor Statistics. These surveys showed disparities in private sector leave and  gender differences. Arguments are made over the distinction based on the level of scrutiny (Tobin, 2008). GINA was first introduced in 1995 in response to concerns about the misuse of information regarding genetic predispositions to various diseases. The bill sought to help those that was applying for insurance to keep them from being denied. According to GINA the analysis went wrong in some aspect of employment. The Supreme Court’s Section 5 jurisprudence insofar as they provide remedies for state employees (Tobin, 2008). It is also unlawful for a covered entity to disclose genetic information about applicants, employees or members. Covered entities must keep genetic information confidential and in a separate medical file (Tobin, 2008). There are limited exceptions to this non-disclosure rule, such as exceptions that provide for the disclosure of relevant genetic information to government officials investigating compliance with Title II of GINA and for disclosures made pursuant to a court order (Tobin, 2008). When it comes down to any type of employment the law forbids discrimination on the basis of genetic information which include hiring, firing, pay, job assignments, promotions, layoffs, training, fringe benefits, or any other type of employment. An employer should never use genetic information to make an employment decision because genetic information is not relevant to an individuals ability to work at any time (Tobin, 2008). A goal of the policy is to protect equality and privacy of an employer that lose their jobs as a result to genetic testing. According to Kimel and Garrett evidence that Congress collected is of no concern because it’s only in the private sector and not by state. Some states argued that being flexible to GINA is not consistent with the Court’s (Tobin, 2008). Instances in these cases shows the analysis of the areas that are considered too went wrong with GINA. For instance, courts need to apply heightened constitutional scrutiny to genetic discrimination. This will keep states from arguing against them and win stating its insufficient data. Another examples is there is a strong case for abrogating sovereign immunity in those cases where employers rely on the information that is took from genetic testing that has been linked to racial or ethnic backgrounds. The last reason is the provisions that uphold GINA’S privacy in 5 legislations has an uncertainty about it not being strong enough to work against state  employment. The Voting Rights Act Reauthorization Act was created in 2006 to place jurisdictions on the voting history of racial discrimination. The research from this act allowed congress to take action towards making decisions on these issues. Approval would have to come from the attorney General or a federal court. This pro vision help minority voters the ability to vote and make their voice heard through the election process (Tobin, 2008). Another concern was about racial profiling policies and procedures that needed to be changed to prohibit police from unjustly stereotyping individuals (Tobin, 2008). This bill called End Racial Profiling Act was entered into the legislations by Rep. John Conyers and Sen. Russ Feingold in 2001. The courts shouldn’t have invalidated the civil rights as it did because it didn’t put enough force on change for minorities. It has hesitantly enforced the rights of persecuted minorities and in many ways it has changed the face of the United States law and politics. I determined that GINA has been cited as a strong step forward, but I believe that the legislation does not go far enough in enabling personal control over genetic testing results. In conclusion, these cases have changed the livelihood of many people but more need to be done for better congressional. Some Courts have supported equal right while other decisions have hindered them. References Tobin, H. (2008). The Genetic Information Nondiscrimination Act of 2008: A Case Study of the Need For Better Congressional Responses to Federalism Jurisprudence. Retrieved from Ashford University. Hudson, K., Holohan, M. K., Collins, F. (2014). Keeping Pace with the Times – The Genetic Information Nondiscrimination Act of 2008. Retrieved from http://www.nejm.org/doi/full/10.1056/NEJMp0803964 United States Department of Labor (2009). Fact Sheet. Retrieved from http://www.dol.gov/ebsa/newsroom/fsGINA.html

Economic Impact Of A Sports Facility :: essays research papers

Feasibility Study Before a facility's economic impact can be determined, a feasibility study should be done to excite the community members about the facility. The purpose of a feasibility study is to "provide research information about the community, special interest groups, and its use as a decision making tool in the community" (Farmer, Montgomery, Ammon, Jr. 12). In essence, this study is done to assure the community that building a sports facility is right for them and that their money will not go to waste. It also let's them know why their area is the most feasible for the facility. It also gives them non-economic influences such as civic pride in their team. If they have more than just economic reasons to approve the stadium, they will not need that much more influence to vote yes. The main points of the study should include estimated economic benefits to the owner of the team and facility, the short term costs along with term costs, and cultural or economic loses and benefits to the community. The cost of the study usually runs about $.08 per person in the community. (E.g. 75,000 people = $6,000 cost) When doing these studies, the city offices need to hire outside firms and specialist such as accountants and economists. These people will bring credibility to the studies, which will look good to the people in the community. The weakness with hiring these outside firms is that they are in this for themselves and may not understand what you are trying to do. If they do not understand how this is intended to be a positive influence on your residents, they may not focus on the positive points as much as the officials would like. When the financing of the facility needs to be determined, it forces the city officials to put together where the money they need is going to come from. They can take from the community, take from the owner of the teams, or hire an entirely new owner for the building. Before a facility is built, there may be need to schedule dates for events in advance and collect deposits to help pay for the construction. By attracting a prime tenant immediately, many dates on the calendar will be filled and attracting a prime tenant immediately will put a nice sum of money into the development funds for the facility. Also, setting dates for other events can contribute to the facility funding. Economic Impact Of A Sports Facility :: essays research papers Feasibility Study Before a facility's economic impact can be determined, a feasibility study should be done to excite the community members about the facility. The purpose of a feasibility study is to "provide research information about the community, special interest groups, and its use as a decision making tool in the community" (Farmer, Montgomery, Ammon, Jr. 12). In essence, this study is done to assure the community that building a sports facility is right for them and that their money will not go to waste. It also let's them know why their area is the most feasible for the facility. It also gives them non-economic influences such as civic pride in their team. If they have more than just economic reasons to approve the stadium, they will not need that much more influence to vote yes. The main points of the study should include estimated economic benefits to the owner of the team and facility, the short term costs along with term costs, and cultural or economic loses and benefits to the community. The cost of the study usually runs about $.08 per person in the community. (E.g. 75,000 people = $6,000 cost) When doing these studies, the city offices need to hire outside firms and specialist such as accountants and economists. These people will bring credibility to the studies, which will look good to the people in the community. The weakness with hiring these outside firms is that they are in this for themselves and may not understand what you are trying to do. If they do not understand how this is intended to be a positive influence on your residents, they may not focus on the positive points as much as the officials would like. When the financing of the facility needs to be determined, it forces the city officials to put together where the money they need is going to come from. They can take from the community, take from the owner of the teams, or hire an entirely new owner for the building. Before a facility is built, there may be need to schedule dates for events in advance and collect deposits to help pay for the construction. By attracting a prime tenant immediately, many dates on the calendar will be filled and attracting a prime tenant immediately will put a nice sum of money into the development funds for the facility. Also, setting dates for other events can contribute to the facility funding.

First Day of School Essay

Middle school is a milestone for most people. The pressure for a newcomer can be exhausting and stressful. Upcoming sixth graders must adjust to their new environment. Unlike elementary school classes, middle school classes contain shorter periods, more quizzes and tests, and more homework. The new adjustment to lockers can be difficult or easy; the hard part is getting to class on time. The materials needed are confusing and frustrating at times new students must adapt to their new school education system. Lastly, the teachers post grades on Edline for each class. The lockers, materials, and grades are all part of the milestone to middle school. Lockers are one of the toughest things new 6th graders must get use to. The lockers have a lock on each one. The lock is opened with a three-digit code. It may take a while to get use to the turning and memorizing the passcode. New students who have not used a lock before usually have a hard time opening their lockers and may ask friends or neighbors to help, these students may have to take a week or so to get the hang of it. One of the new things students are introduced in middle school are tardys, lates, and detentions. Students usually get detention if they are late to class, forget to bring class supplies, or talk in class too much. Only the first week is an exception because everyone is adjusting to his or her new schedule. The materials for each class are different and unique. Some classes you need a journal or notebook; or a pen or pencil. For every class everyone needs a 2-4 inch binder that holds all seven class periods including elective and health. A binder holds all of the papers, pencils, pens, highlighters, erasers, and other supplies needed for each class. Additionally, people have to switch binders at least once a year since they break easily if someone drops them or the ring get demented. The papers the teacher gives you must be put in the rings, the binder can will overflow if you put it in the folders or just stuff it in. After about a semester, students have to clean out their binders for the new quarter. It takes a lot of preparation to get ready for middle school. On the first day of middle school, new students will get a code to create a new account on Edline. Edline is used to put assignments out, notices, emergencies, homework, and their current assign report (current grades). A current assignment report is created for each teacher the student has and a homeroom for absents, lates, or tardys. When someone is absent on a day then the teacher can either put a Z or an X. A Z is the student has not turned it work in by the due date. And an X is the student is excused for their missed work. If the student has a Z and does not turn it in by the end of the quarter, it turns into a 0 (zero). Near the end of the marking period, if the student has an 89. 4 or a 79. 4 then they can ask the teacher for one point to bump up their grade to the next grade letter. Worries and anxiousness may take over and control the human mind, making them stress and get irritated a lot. This can pull there grades down with all the stress accumulating. For upcoming middle school students prepare is everything because they have not experienced middle school pros and cons. A student’s locker, their edline, and the materials accumulate to create a successful year for students. They first few weeks are easy and confusing. Teachers usually do not give out homework but it takes time to memorize all the classrooms and the teachers. The frustration and stress can cause breakdowns but as the weeks go by everything seems to get into place over time.